考点分类练(十二)　词句猜测题——句意理解类A(2021·浙江6月高考模拟)Everyculturehasarecognisedpointwhenachildbecomesanadult,whenrulesmustbefollowedandtestsmustbepassed.InChina,althoughteenagerscangettheirIDcardsat16,manyonlyseethemselvesasanadultwhentheyare18.IntheUS,themainsteptothefreedomofadultlifeislearningtodrive.At16,Americanteenstaketheirdrivingtest.Whentheyhavetheirlicense,theydriveintothegrown-upworld.“Nobodywantstoridethebustoschool,”saidEleanorFulham,17.Sherememberedthepressure.“It’slikeyou’renotcoolifyoudon’thaveacar,”shesaid.Accordingtorecentresearch,41%of16to19-year-oldsintheUSowncars,upfrom23%in1985.Although,mostofthesecarsareboughtbyparents,someteensgetpart-timejobstohelppay.Notallfamiliescanaffordcarsfortheirchildren.Incitieswithsubwaysandlimitedparking,someteenagersdon’twantthem.Butinrichsuburbanareaswithoutsubways,andwherebicyclesaremoreforfunthantransportation,itisstrangeforateenagernottohaveacar.Butthepolicesay16-year-oldshavealmostthreetimesmoreaccidentsthan18to19-year-olds.Thishasmademanyparentspausebeforelettingtheirkidsdrive.JulieSussmandecidedthathersonChad,15,willwaituntilheis17toapplyforhislearner’spermit.Chadsaidhehadacceptedhisparents’decision,althoughithadcausedsometeasingfromhisfriends.“TheysaythatIamunlucky,”hesaid,“ButI’dratherbealivethandriving,andIdon’treallytrustmyfriendsontheroad,either.” InChinaasmorefamiliesgetcars,more18-year-oldslearntodrive.1.Whichmayserveasthebesttitleofthearticle?A.CarshelpingyoutogrowupB.Drivingintothegrown-upworldC.Teenagers’drivinginAmericaD.Recognisedpointsofbecominganadult2.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemean?A.Hemightrunintohisfriendsifhedrove.B.Hedidn’tagreewithhisfriends.C.Hemightnotbesafeifhisfriendsdrove.D.Hewasafraidthathisfriendsmightwelllietohim3.Thepassagemainlygivesinformationabout　　　. A.anAmericancultureB.aculturaldifferencebetweenAmericaandChinaC.achangeintheChinesecultureD.therelationshipbetweendrivingandaperson’sdevelopmentB(2021·吉林高三第三次调研)The90-minutelonggameinvolvestwogoals,blackandwhitecheckeredballs,goalkeeper,and nohanduse.Thissport,ofcourse,issoccerorfootball,asthemajorityoftherestoftheworldsays.It’sconfusingthatsomecountriescallthissport“football”whileAmericansandCanadianssay“soccer”,butapparentlytheBritisharemostlytoblame.ThenameconfusionwasactuallythankstoBritishuniversitiesintheearly1800swhotriedstandardisingvarioussportsgamesthathaddifferentrulesandregulationstodistinguishbetweenthem,accordingtoapaperbyStefanSzymanski,aprofessorofsportseconomicsattheUniversityofMichigan.Rugby,formerlyknownas“rugbyfootball”or“rugger”,isatranslationof“football”whereyoucanuseyourhands.Soccer,originally“associationfootball”or“asoccer”,isthetraditionaltranslationof“football”wherepeopledon’tusetheirhands.PeopleinEnglandstartedshorteningthenamesbydroppingthe“association”partofthephraseaswellasthe“a”in“asoccer”.Ifyourheadhurtsfromthinkingaboutthis,preparetohaveyourmindblownbythesethingsyouprobablyneverthoughtabout—untiljustnow. Nowcomesthecomplexity:in1869,twocollegesheldthefirsttraditional,recorded,footballgameusingauniquecombinationofrulesfrombothrugbyandsoccer,creatingwhatweknowas“Americanfootball”andwhatothercountriesrefertoas“gridiron”.ThankstothepopularityofAmericanfootball,soccerplayersinAmericakeepto“soccer”tohelpdistinguishthemselves.Ifthename“soccer”stuckinBritain,andifAmericanscameupwithabetteroneforAmericanfootball,therewouldbemuchlessconfusion.Sowhydidthe“football”shortkindof“associationfootball”becomemorepopularthan“soccer”inEnglandanyway?Originally,AmericaninfluenceonBritainduringWorldWarⅡmade“soccer”thepopularterminEnglandbeforethe1980s.OncethesportbecamemorepopularintheUnitedStatesaroundthattime,theBritishstoppedusing“soccer”.4.Whatcausedthenameconfusionintheearly1800s?A.Gametime.B.Sportsrules.C.Ballpopularity.D.Newsorganisations.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemeaninparagraph3?A.Thenameconfusionisbecomingstronger.B.Youcannotuseyourhandswhileplayinggames.C.Thenamesmakeitmoredifficultforpeopletounderstand.D.Makingthebestoftheheadinthesportsisextremelyvital.6.Inwhichofthefollowingdothetwobelongtothesameone?A.“Rugby”and“Soccer”.B.“Rugger”and“Americanfootball”.C.“Americanfootball”and“Gridiron”.D.“Gridiron”and“Associationfootball”.C(2021·吉林长春高三期末)Whydowelikedrinkingwaterfromplasticbottles?Somepeoplethinkitishealthyandclean.Othersdrinkbottledwaterbecauseit’seasy—youcancarryitaroundwithyou.Inhotcountries,likeGreece,weoftenbuybottlesofcoldwaterinsummer. However,makinglotsofplasticisnotagoodideaformanyreasons.Firstofall,weneedalotofoilforplasticproducts.Weusuallyuseoilasasourceofenergy.Ifwereducedthenumberofbottleswemade,wewouldn’tneedsomuchoil.Plasticbottlesalsopollutetheenvironment.Ifwereusedallourplasticbottles,wewouldn’tneedsomuchspaceforrubbishdumps.ButinGreece,wedon’treusemuchoftheplasticweuse.In2006,Greeksreusedonlyabout10%ofplasticwaste.Therestbecamerubbishonlandandinriversandseas.Sonexttimeyouwanttothrowawayaplasticbottleinthelitterbin,stopandthink.Ifyoureuseit,youwillhelptheenvironment.Butwhatcanyoudowhenthereisn’tabinnearyou?Well,therearelotsofusefulwaysthatyoucanuseyourbottlesagain.Forexample,anemptybottlemakesagreatpiggybankforyourpocketmoney,andifyoucutabottleinhalf,youwillhaveaplantpot.Gogreen!Youcanmakeadifference. 7.Whatisnotmentionedaboutbottledwaterinthispassage?A.It’shealthy.　　　　　B.It’sclean.C.It’seasy.D.It’sexpensive.8.Plasticproductsaremadefrom　　　. A.energyB.oilC.rubbishD.plants9.Whichisthebestwaytodealwithusedplasticbottles?A.Toreusethem.B.Tomakeapiggybank.C.Tomakeaplantpot.D.Todropthemintotheriver.10.Theunderlinedpartinthispassagetellsus“　　　”. A.Tomakeadifferentlife,you’dbettergooutsideB.Tolookdifferent,you’dbetterweargreenclothesC.Toprotecttheenvironment,youcandosomethingD.Togogreen,youshoulduseplasticproducts考点分类练(十二)　词句猜测题——句意理解类【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国的一种文化现象——让孩子通过拿驾照的方式使他们意识到自己已经是成年人了。1.B　解析:标题归纳题。通读全文可知,文章主要介绍了一种现象,即通过让孩子学会开车并拿到驾照的方式使他们明白自己是成年人了。故选B项。2.C　解析:句意理解题。根据画线句前面的ButI’dratherbealivethandriving可以看出,他对朋友们的驾驶技术没有信心。故选C项。3.A　解析:推理判断题。根据第一段以及后文内容可知,文章主要介绍了在美国让孩子通过拿驾照的方式使其意识到自己是成年人了这一现象,这体现了一种文化。故选A项。【帮你拓知识】重点语块①arecognisedpoint公认的观点 ②themainsteptothefreedom迈向自由的主要步骤③takeone’sdrivingtest参加驾驶考试精彩句式④Notallfamiliescanaffordcarsfortheirchildren.并非所有家庭都能为他们的孩子买得起车。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同的国家,尤其是英美两国对于足球命名比较混淆的由来。4.B　解析:细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知,是运动规则导致了名字的混淆。故选B项。5.A　解析:句意理解题。通读第三段内容可知,此段描述了根据是否使用手来命名的复杂过程,而第四段介绍了足球根据新规则命名的复杂过程。由此推知,画线句的意思是“命名过程愈加混乱了”。故选A项。6.C　解析:细节理解题。根据第四段的“Nowcomesthecomplexity:in1869,twocollegesheldthefirsttraditional,recorded,footballgameusingauniquecombinationofrulesfrombothrugbyandsoccer,creatingwhatweknowas‘Americanfootball’andwhatothercountriesrefertoas‘gridiron’.”可知,Americanfootball和gridiron都是指美式足球。故选C项。【帮你拓知识】必背单词①apparentlyadv.显然②standardisev.使标准化③economicsn.经济学④formerlyadv.从前;以前⑤originallyadv.原来;起初⑥combinationn.结合;混合;联合【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了瓶装水的好处,但也指出瓶装水使用了大量的塑料,塑料废弃后会对环境造成污染,建议人们更多地重复使用塑料瓶。7.D　解析:细节理解题。根据第一段的“Somepeoplethinkitishealthyandclean.Othersdrinkbottledwaterbecauseit’seasy—youcancarryitaroundwithyou.”可知,文中提到有人认为瓶装水健康、干净而且容易携带。但文章没有提到它很贵。故选D项。8.B　解析:细节理解题。根据第二段的“Firstofall,weneedalotofoilforplasticproducts.”可知,要生产塑料制品需要使用石油。故选B项。9.A　解析:细节理解题。根据第二段的“Ifwereusedallourplasticbottles,wewouldn’tneedsomuchspaceforrubbishdumps.”可知,重新使用塑料瓶是处理塑料污染最好的方法。10.C　解析:句意理解题。根据画线部分前面的内容可知,我们可以用多种方法重复使用塑料瓶,减少对环境的污染。也就是说,如果我们人人努力,就可以对保护环境起到作用。故选C项。【帮你拓知识】必背单词 ①sourcen.来源②environmentn.环境重点语块③plasticbottles塑料瓶④pocketmoney零花钱精彩句式⑤Sonexttimeyouwanttothrowawayaplasticbottleinthelitterbin,stopandthink.所以下次你想把塑料瓶扔进垃圾箱时,停下来想一想。