50分阅读限时满分练50分阅读限时满分练(一)(限时35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)A(2021·山东烟台高考适应性练习)HerearefourfamousmuseumsforfamilyvisitsinWashington,D.C.DinosaurMuseumThemuseumfeaturesevidence,factsandtonsofamazingsculpturesofsomeofthemostpowerfulandsometimesscaryanimalsthatevercontrolledtheEarth.Theartistsusedrealdinosaurbonestoformthereproductionssotheyareextremelylifelike.WitteMuseumOriginallyestablishedin1926,thismuseumoffersguestsacomprehensivelookatamorethan3-centuryspan(跨度)ofhistory.Calledthecentrewherenature,scienceandculturemeet,themuseumpridesitselfonprovidingguestswithimmersive(沉浸式的)experiences,suchasbeingtakenbacktocowboydaysintheHeritageCentreordiggingthroughsandtofinddinosaurbones.Thebestpart?Themuseumisconstantlyswitchingsomeexhibitstobettersuittheseasonandprovideguestswithadifferentexperienceeachtimetheyvisit.MuseumofIllusionsStepinsideacompletelynewworldatOrlando’snewestexhibition—theMuseumofIllusions!Thisuniqueeducationalattractionistheperfectcombinationoffunandart,allowingvisitorsofallagestotestthelimitsoftheirmind.Focusedonplantingtheseedsofcuriosity,theastonishingimagesattheexhibitionremindgueststhateverythingisnotalwaysasitseems.World’sLargestToyMuseumReleaseyourinnerkidandvisittheWorld’sLargestToyMuseum,whichwilltakeyouintimewithonemilliontoysfromthe1800’stotoday.You’llsurelybeexcitedtocheckoutyour“hero”toysfromyourchildhood.Thetoursareself-guidedandguestsareallowedtoleaveandreturnduringthesameday.1.Whichofthemuseumsisbestatstimulatingchildren’simagination?A.TheDinosaurMuseum.B.TheWitteMuseum.C.TheMuseumofIllusions.D.TheWorld’sLargestToyMuseum.2.WhatcanatouristdointheWitteMuseum?A.Visitsomeseasonalexhibits.B.Watchthedinosaurreproductions.C.Enjoyinteractingwithtruecowboys.D.Learnaboutthemuseum’s300-yearhistory.3.WhatcanwelearnabouttheWorld’sLargestToyMuseum?A.Itdisplaystheoldesttoysintheworld.B.Itprovidesvisitorswithimmersiveexperiences.C.Itismeantforchildrenwiththethemeofheroes. D.Itallowstouriststocomeunlimitedtimesinaday.B(2021·四川攀枝花二模)Sleep,consideredaluxurybymany,isessentialforaperson’shealthandhappiness.Researchershavefoundthatinadequatesleepandtirednessincreaseaperson’sriskofdevelopingseveremedicalconditions,suchasobesity,highbloodsugarlevels,andheartdisease.Now,anewstudyhasfoundthatgettingenoughsleepisalsothekeytoimprovingacademicperformance.JeffreyGross,theuniversityscienceprofessorwholedtheresearch,wasnottryingtofindtherelationshipbetweensleepandgradeswhenhehandedoutsmartwatchestothe100studentsinhischemistryclass.Instead,theprofessorhopedthewrist-worndevices,whichtrackaperson’sphysicalactivity,wouldshowaconnectionbetweenexerciseandtheacademicachievement.WhileGross’sdatashowednorelationshipbetweenthesetwofactors,thestudyfoundsomethingsurprising.Astheresearcherswereanalysingtheirdata,theynoticedthattherewasastraight-linerelationshipbetweentheaverageamountofsleepstudentsgotandtheirresultsinthecourse’s11quizzes,threemidtermtests,andthefinalexam.Evenmoreinteresting,itwasnotenoughforstudentstojustheadtobedearlythenightbeforeatest.Instead,itwasthesleepyougotduringthedayswhenlearningwashappeningthatmatteredmost.Thetimestudentswenttobedeachnightwassimilarlyimportant.Thosewhowenttobedinearlyhoursofthemorningperformedpoorly,evenifthetotalsleeptimewasthesameasahigher-performingstudent.“Whenyougotobedmatters,”Grosssays,“Ifyougotobedat10,or12,or1atnight,andsleepforsevenhours,yourperformanceisthesame.Butifyougotobedafter2,yourperformancestartstogodownevenifyougetthesamesevenhours.So,quantityisn’teverything.”Perhapsthemostinterestingwasthehugeeffectthatsmalldifferencesinsleeppatternshadonstudents’grades.Theentirecoursegradesforstudentsaveragingsixandahalfhoursofsleepeachnightwere25%lowerthanstudentswhoaveragedjustonehourmoresleep.Similarly,studentswhochangedtheirbedtimebyevenonehoureachnighthadgradesthatdropped45%belowthosewithmoreregularbedtime.4.Basedonhisoriginalgoals,whichwordbestdescribesProfessorGross’sresearchfindings?A.Complete.　　　　　　　B.Accidental.C.Convincing.D.Doubtful.5.Whowerethepeopletakingpartinthestudy?A.Universitystudentathletes.B.ProfessorGross’sownstudents.C.Middleschoolchemistrystudents.D.Volunteersfromdifferentuniversities.6.HowdidProfessorGross’steammeasureacademicperformance?A.Makingthestudentswearaspecialwatch.B.Givingthestudentsregularafter-classquizzes.C.Usingstudents’universityentrancetestresults.D.Usingthestudents’normaltestandquizgrades.7.Basedonthestudy’sfindings,whoislikelytoperformbestacademically? A.Apersonwhosleepsforatotalof7hourseachnight.B.Apersonwhosleepsfrom11p.m.to6a.m.eachday.C.Apersonwhosenormalbedtimechangesbetween9p.m.and12p.m.D.Apersonwhohasagoodnight’ssleepthenightbeforeanimportanttest.C(2021·安徽安庆高三二模)Mentalhealthandhappinessareimportanttostudentsuccessinhighereducationbutrarelygettheattentiontheyneed.CollegesanduniversitiesintheUnitedStateshavebeenseeingincreasesinmentalillnessamongstudentsfordecades.Promotingstudentmentalhealthandemotionalhappinessoncampusrequiresmorethanawell-functioningcounsellingcentre.Itcallsforacampus-widecommitmentactionplan.Americanundergraduatestudentshavebeenreportingincreasingratesofanxietyanddepressionfordecades.Inthe2018-2019HealthyMindsStudy(HMS)survey,40%ofabout300,000studentsatsome300collegesanduniversitiesreportedexperiencingamentalhealthproblem,and60%saidtheywerehavingdifficultyaccessingmentalhealthcareoncampusorinthecommunity.OtherstudiesestimatethatthedropoutrateforUSundergraduatestudentswithmentalhealthproblemsisover40%,andthatthepopularityofmentalhealthproblemsamonggraduatestudentsissixtimesthatofthegeneralpopulation.Mostacademicinstitutionsprovidesomementalhealthservices,oftenthroughacounsellingcentre.Butnomatterhowgoodthatcentreis,italonecannotsolvetheproblems.Animportantearlystepisforeachinstitutiontoassesstheextentofthecrisisonitscampusandwhetherthereareenoughtreatmentserviceseitherattheinstitutionorinthelocalcommunity.Anotherimportantquestioniswhetherthereareelementsoftheinstitution’sownenvironmentorculturethatcontributetotheproblemsthatstudentsareexperiencing,likeunreasonableworkloadsordeadlinesforassignments.Everycollegeanduniversityshouldcarryoutacomprehensiveactionplantoachievethisgoal.Thismayrequireadditionalresourcesduringatryingtimeforinstitutionalbudgets.Butsupportingallstudentsissoimportantthatfinancialprioritiesshouldberearranged.8.WhathappenstoundergraduatestudentsinAmerica?A.Theypaylittleattentiontohighereducation.B.Increasingstudentssufferfrommentalillness.C.Theyarelackinginasenseofhappiness.D.Theyloseconfidenceinthefuturecareers.9.Whatarethestatisticsinparagraph2about?A.Terribledropoutrates.B.Decreasinggeneralpopulation.C.Emotionalhappiness.D.Mentallyhealthyproblems.10.Whatisthekeysolutiontofixingtheproblems?A.Analysingthepresentsituation.B.Openingmorecounsellingcentres.C.Offeringfreementalhealthservices.D.Reducingunreasonableworkloads. 11.Howcanweputacomprehensiveactionplanintopractice?A.Bygivingsomeusefuladvice.B.Byofferingfinancialsupport.C.Byturningtothegovernment.D.Bygettingenoughtryingtime.D(2021·山东日照一模)Singaporeresearcherssaytheyhavedevelopedaformofelectronicskinthatcancreateasenseoftouch.Theyhopetheirinventionwillgivepeoplewithprosthetic(假体的)handstheabilitytoidentifydifferentobjects.Theskindevicemeasures1squarecentimetre.Thesystemcontains100smallsensorsthatattempttorecreatethingsliketextures(质地),temperatureandevenpain.TheresearcherscallthedeviceAsynchronousCodedElectronicSkin(ACES),whichcanprocessinformationfasterthanthehuman’snervoussystem,andisabletorecognise20to30differenttextures.ItcanevencorrectlyreadBraille(布拉耶盲文)lettersmostofthetime.Thesystemdoesnotrequiretheusers’movementtowork.Theyjustneedtoslidetofeeltextures.Butinthiscasetheskin,withjustasingletouch,isabletodetecttexturesofdifferentroughness.Ademonstrationshowedthatthedevicecouldidentifythedifferencebetweenasoftballandasolidplasticone.“Whenyouloseyoursenseoftouch,youessentiallybecomenumbandprostheticusersfacethatproblem,”saidBenjaminTee,leaderoftheresearchteam.“Sobyrecreatinganartificialversionoftheskinfortheirprostheticdevices,theycanholdahandandfeelthewarmthandfeelthatitissoft.”Teesaidhisideaforthedevicecamefromamoviewhereacharacterloseshisrighthandanditisreplacedwitharoboticone.Inthemovie,thenewhandisabletoexperiencethetouchsensejustliketherealone.Theartificialskintechnologyisstillgoingthroughexperimentsanddevelopment.ButTeesaidtherehadalreadybeenalotofinterestinthesystem,especiallyfromthemedicalcommunity.Teesaidsimilarinventionsthathisteamhaddevelopedincludedsee-throughskinthatcouldrepairitselfwhentornandamaterialforwearableelectronicdevicesthatgaveofflight.12.Whatcanwelearnabouttheartificialskininparagraph2?A.Itissensitivetohightemperature.B.Itreactsfasterthanournervoussystem.C.Itcanrecognisedifferentobjects.D.IthelpstheusersmemoriseBrailleletters.13.WhatcanbeinferredfromBenjaminTee’swords?A.Theartificialskinfeelslikearealthing.B.Peoplewiththeartificialskinfeelwarm.C.Peopledon’twanttolosethesenseoftouch.D.Heissympathetictowardstheprostheticusers.14.WhatinspiredBenjaminTeetocreatetheartificialskin?A.Thedesiretohelpthoseinneed.B.Thelifeofthedisabled. C.Adreamofearningmoremoney.D.Ascenefromamovie.15.Whichwordcanbestdescribetheartificialskintechnology?A.Profitable.B.Stable.C.Promising.D.Challenging.Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)(2021·山东济南高三适应性考试)HowtoReduceGiftWrapWasteWrappingpapermayhave“paper”initsname,butthatdoesn’tautomaticallymeanitcanberecycled.　16　Trythesesuggestionsforcuttingdowntheamountofwrappingpaperyouthrowaway. Reusewhatyouhave.　17　It’sestimatedthattheUSproduces4.6millionpoundsofwrappingpaperannually,and2.3millionpoundsofthatstaysinpeople’shomes,awaitingreuse. Usedifferentmaterials.　18　Selectbasicbrownthickpaperthatcanbemadeupwithabow,ribbons,leaves,pineconesormarkers.Repurposenewspapers,oldpostersandchildren’sschoolartworksaswrappingpaper.Thereareplentyofothereco-friendlyalternativestowrappingpaperthatarejustdelightfulandcelebratory. 　19　Usebaskets,fabric,giftboxesorbags,teatowels,andmoretocontainanddisplayyourpresents.LearntheJapaneseartofwrapping,usingbeautifulknots(绳结)tofastencolourful,reusablefabricinattractiveways.Thisway,you’llhavenowrappingpaperwastetodealwith. Askforbetterpaper.Shopsstorewhatcustomerswant,andrecyclabilityshouldbeatoppriority,soletthatbeknownwhenyou’reoutshopping.AsexplainedbySimonEllin,CEOoftheRecyclingAssociation,atradebodythatrepresentsabout90wastemanagementcompaniesandpapermerchantsintheUnitedKingdom,“It’sacampaignwe’vebeenonallyear—doyoureallyneedtodesignnon-paperwrappingpaper?Makepaperwithrecyclinginmind!”　20　 A.Tryzerowaste.B.Shopwiththatinmind,too.C.Youdon’thavetochooseshiningpapertodecorateapresent.D.Infact,manytypesofwrappingpapercannotduetotheirmaterials.E.Whenwrappingpaperisextremelythin,ithasfewgoodqualityfibresforrecycling.F.Wrappingpapercanbeusedmanytimesifcareistakentounwrapitwithouttearing.G.Havingamixofrecyclableandnon-recyclablepaperisarealproblemforcompanies.题组限时满分练50分阅读限时满分练50分阅读限时满分练(一)【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了华盛顿供家庭参观的四个著名博物馆。1.C　解析:细节理解题。根据MuseumofIllusions部分中的“Thisuniqueeducationalattractionistheperfectcombinationoffunandart,allowingvisitorsofallagestotest thelimitsoftheirmind.Focusedonplantingtheseedsofcuriosity,theastonishingimagesattheexhibitionremindgueststhateverythingisnotalwaysasitseems.”可知,最能激发孩子们的想象力的是theMuseumofIllusions。故选C项。2.A　解析:细节理解题。根据WitteMuseum部分中的“Themuseumisconstantlyswitchingsomeexhibitstobettersuittheseasonandprovideguestswithadifferentexperienceeachtimetheyvisit.”可知,游客可以观赏一些季节性的展品。故选A项。3.D　解析:细节理解题。根据World’sLargestToyMuseum部分中的“Thetoursareself-guidedandguestsareallowedtoleaveandreturnduringthesameday.”可知,该博物馆允许游客在一天内无限制地来参观。故选D项。【帮你拓知识】必背单词①sculpturen.雕像②comprehensiveadj.全部的;详尽的③educationaladj.教育的;有教育意义的【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明,睡眠除了对身体健康造成影响之外,也会对学习成绩产生影响。4.B　解析:推理判断题。根据第三段的“WhileGross’sdatashowednorelationshipbetweenthesetwofactors,thestudyfoundsomethingsurprising.”可知,格罗斯教授的研究发现是偶然的。5.B　解析:细节理解题。根据第二段的“JeffreyGross,theuniversityscienceprofessorwholedtheresearch,wasnottryingtofindtherelationshipbetweensleepandgradeswhenhehandedoutsmartwatchestothe100studentsinhischemistryclass.”可知,参与研究的人是他自己的学生。6.D　解析:细节理解题。根据第三段的“Astheresearcherswereanalysingtheirdata,theynoticedthattherewasastraight-linerelationshipbetweentheaverageamountofsleepstudentsgotandtheirresultsinthecourse’s11quizzes,threemidtermtests,andthefinalexam.”可知,格罗斯教授的团队是使用学生的正常测试和测验成绩来衡量学业表现的。7.B　解析:推理判断题。根据第五段的“Thetimestudentswenttobedeachnightwassimilarlyimportant.Thosewhowenttobedinearlyhoursofthemorningperformedpoorly,evenifthetotalsleeptimewasthesameasahigher-performingstudent.”以及最后一段的“Similarly,studentswhochangedtheirbedtimebyevenonehoureachnighthadgradesthatdropped45%belowthosewithmoreregularbedtime.”可知,根据这项研究发现,睡得较早、睡眠时间充足并且规律的学生表现好。结合选项可推知,每天的睡眠时间从晚上11点到早上6点的人可能在学业上表现最好。【帮你拓知识】必背单词①essentialadj.必要的②(熟词生义)trackv.追踪重点语块③heartdisease心脏病④academicachievement学术成就 ⑤headtobed去睡觉精彩句式⑥Instead,it’sthesleepyougetduringthedayswhenlearningishappeningthatmattersmost.相反,你在学习进行期间获得的睡眠才是最重要的。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。如今越来越多的美国大学生患有精神方面的疾病,文章列举了大学生心理健康问题的具体数据和要解决这一问题应该采取的措施。8.B　解析:细节理解题。根据第一段的“CollegesanduniversitiesintheUnitedStateshavebeenseeingincreasesinmentalillnessamongstudentsfordecades.”可知,越来越多的美国大学生患有精神疾病。故选B项。9.D　解析:细节理解题。根据第二段的“...40%ofabout300,000studentsatsome300collegesanduniversitiesreportedexperiencingamentalhealthproblem,and60%saidtheywerehavingdifficulty...withmentalhealthproblemsisover40%,andthatthepopularityofmentalhealthproblemsamonggraduatestudentsissixtimesthatofthegeneralpopulation.”可知,本段中的统计数据都是有关心理健康问题的。故选D项。10.A　解析:细节理解题。根据第三段的“Animportantearlystepisforeachinstitutiontoassesstheextentofthecrisisonitscampusandwhetherthereareenoughtreatmentserviceseitherattheinstitutionorinthelocalcommunity.”可知,解决问题的关键是分析现状。故选A项。11.B　解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Thismayrequireadditionalresourcesduringatryingtimeforinstitutionalbudgets.Butsupportingallstudentsissoimportantthatfinancialprioritiesshouldberearranged.”可知,可以通过提供资金支持来实施一项全面的行动计划。故选B项。【帮你拓知识】重点语块①counsellingcentre咨询中心②undergraduatestudent本科生③dropoutrate辍学率④unreasonableworkload不合理的工作负担⑤financialpriority财政优先精彩句式⑥Butnomatterhowgoodthatcentreis,italonecannotsolvetheproblems.但是无论那个中心多么好,它独自无法解决这些问题。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新加坡研究人员开发出一种可以产生触觉的电子皮肤,这种人造皮肤就像真的皮肤一样。12.B　解析:细节理解题。根据第二段的“...whichcanprocessinformationfasterthanthehuman’snervoussystem...”可知,人造皮肤处理信息的速度比人类的神经系统快。故选B项。13.A　解析:推理判断题。根据第四段尤其是最后一句可知,通过为他们的假体设备重新创造一种人造皮肤,他们可以握手,感觉到温暖和柔软,因此这种人造皮肤就像真的皮肤一样。故选A项。14.D　解析:细节理解题。根据第五段首句“Teesaidhisideaforthedevicecame fromamoviewhereacharacterloseshisrighthandanditisreplacedwitharoboticone.”可知,创造这个装置的灵感来自一部电影中的场景。故选D项。15.C　解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段的“...therehadalreadybeenalotofinterestinthesystem,especiallyfromthemedicalcommunity.”可知,有很多人对该系统感兴趣,尤其是医学界,由此推知人造皮肤技术很有前途。故选C项。【帮你拓知识】重点语块①identifydifferentobjects识别不同的物体②artificialskin人造皮肤③medicalcommunity医学界④wearableelectronicdevice可穿戴的电子设备【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种减少包装纸浪费的方法。16.D　解析:根据空格前的“Wrappingpapermayhave‘paper’initsname,butthatdoesn’tautomaticallymeanitcanberecycled.”可知,包装纸的名字里可能有“纸”,但这并不意味着它可以回收利用,D项“事实上,许多类型的包装纸由于其材料而不能被回收。”承接上文,解释了为什么有些包装纸不能回收利用。故选D项。17.F　解析:根据“Reusewhatyouhave.”可知,本段主要介绍重复使用包装纸,而F项的beusedmanytimes与该段主题相符。故选F项。18.C　解析:根据“Usedifferentmaterials.”和空格后的“Selectbasicbrownthickpaperthatcanbemadeupwithabow,ribbons,leaves,pineconesormarkers.Repurposenewspapers,oldpostersandchildren’sschoolartworksaswrappingpaper.”可知,C项“你不必选择闪亮的纸来装饰礼物。”符合语境。故选C项。19.A　解析:根据本段的“Usebaskets,fabric,giftboxesorbags,...LearntheJapaneseartofwrapping,usingbeautifulknotstofastencolourful,...Thisway,you’llhavenowrappingpaperwastetodealwith.”可知,本段主要介绍用其他东西代替包装纸来包装礼物,不要浪费。因此A项“要尝试零浪费。”符合语境。故选A项。20.B　解析:根据上文的“Makepaperwithrecyclinginmind!”可推断,买包装纸时也应考虑到回收利用。故选B项。【帮你拓知识】重点语块①cutdown削减②eco-friendlyalternative环保的选择③atoppriority当务之急;最重要的事