A卷——小题夯基练Ⅰ.语境填词1．Whenitcomestoweddingtraditions(风俗),therearedifferencesbetweentheWestandtheEast.2．Whenasked,theyoungmanconfirmed(证实)thathewasgoingtostudyabroadnextyear.3．Theflightwith145passengersaboard(上飞机)fromTokyolandedontheairportinBeijingyesterday.4．Iampleased(高兴的)tohavethischancetodaytotalktoyouabouttheChineseculture.5．ItwasthefirsttimethatJanegaveapublicspeech,soshefeltalittlenervousandterrified(恐惧的)．6．Thewomanwriterchatted(聊天)withthestudentsabouttheimportanceofreadingwidely.7．Althoughshewaswealthy(富裕的),shelivedinasimplehouse.8．Thoughthetwinslookmuchalike,theyarestillslightly(轻微地)differentfromeachotherintheirappearance.Ⅱ.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)1．Hecrossedovertothewindowtoseeifitwasstillmisty(mist)．2．Nancy'sfirstreactiontothenewswasastrangemixture(mix)ofjoyandanger.3．Nowadays，theChinesepeoplearemuchwealthier(wealthy)thantheywereinthepast.4．Theuniversityheldaveryimpressive(impress)openingceremonyandallthestudentswereveryhappy.5．Thetwogirlssatonthesoftgrass,chatting(chat)witheachotherabouttheiridealuniversities.6．(2019·浙江卷6月)Besides,whatyoutoldmeaboutyourcountrybroadened(broad)myhorizonsandarousedmyinterestinforeignculture.7．Surrounded(surround)bytheseaonthreesides,modernQingdaoisconsidered,oneofthemostlivablecitiesinChina.8．Thegovernmenthastakensomeeffectivemeasures(measure),whichareaimedatclosingthegapbetweenrichandpoor.Ⅲ.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)1．Theirdaughterhasagiftforlanguagewhiletheirsonisagifted(gift)pianist.2．Thebeachiswithineasyreachofthehotel,soyoucangothereonfootaftersupper.3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Today,manyChinesepeoplearelearningWesternstylesandtheoriesratherthanfocusingonChinesetraditions.4．Nowthatthereislittletimeleft,weshouldsettledowntodealing(deal)withsomethingreallyurgent.5．AsfarasIcansee,itwasthekindofimpressivetripmostofusonlydreamtof．6．Theydecidedtomakeawalkingjourney,astheycaughtsightofanoldhikers'guide.7．Asisknowntous,Chinesewomenvolleyballteamismore_powerful(powerful)thananyotherwomenvolleyballteamintheworld.8．Standingontheroofofthebuilding,Icanclearlyseethemountaininthedistance.Ⅳ.易错误用(改正下列语句中的错误，每句最多两处错误)1．ItwasnotuntilmyfirstvisitlastyearwhenIgottoknowCanadaissovastacountryanditspopulationissosmall.Despitethefactitislargeinarea,mostofitslandisnotsuitableforpeopletoliveduetotheseverelycoldclimate.Themajorityofitspeopleliveinthesouthernpart,whichitiswarminsummer.答案：第一句：when→that；第二句：在fact后加that；第三句：which→where2．Canadaisawelldevelopedcountry,ranksamongthehighestineconomy,educationandqualityoflife.AsfarasIknow,thenumberofimmigrantsareincreasingsteadilyyearbyyear.,答案：第一句：ranks→ranking；第二句：are→is3．Weliveinasmallmountainvillage,surroundingbymanygreenmountains.Thereisabotanicnear,sowecanenjoythebeautifulscenerywithinshortdistance.答案：第一句：surrounding→surrounded;第二句：near→nearby；在within后加a4．Iwalkedasfartherasthelake,thinkingoverthepuzzlingproblem.答案：farther→far5．Istillthinkitterrifiedtofindmyselfsurroundedbylargenumbersofhorses.答案：terrified→terrifying6．Myfatherhasgiftforplayingthepiano,whichhasagreatinfluenceonme.答案：在gift前加aⅤ.完成句子/一句多译1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)中国人喜欢用筷子吃饭，而不是像西方人那样用刀和叉。Rather_than_use_knives_and_forks_as_Westerners_do,_Chineseliketoeatwithchopsticks.2．他们都很兴奋，一直走到山脚下。Theywereallexcitedandwalkedas_far_as_the_foot_of_the_mountain．3．中国的人口比世界其他任何国家的人口都多。ThepopulationofChinaislarger_than_that_of_any_other_countryintheworld.4．星期天上午我们在人民公园见面，那里空气新鲜、风景优美。WearetomeetonSundaymorninginthePeople'sPark，where_the_air_is_fresh_and_the_scenery_is_beautiful．5．我的家乡在我心中是最温暖、最美丽的地方。它被森林和河流所环绕。①Myhometownisthewarmestandmostbeautifulplaceinmyheart.Itis_surrounded_by_forestsandrivers.②Myhometownisthewarmestandmostbeautifulplaceinmyheartwhich_is_surrounded_by_forests_and_rivers．(合并升级为定语从句),B卷——大题提能练Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2021·河北高三六校第一次联考)MagicalHistoryTourJoinusforourfifthannualexplorationoffascinatinghistoricsitesaroundGreaterPortlandthatyou'veneverseenormaybedidn'tevenknow!TheMagicalHistoryTourisyourkeytounlockingfascinatinghistoricalplacesthatarenotusuallyopentothepublic.Itisaselfguidedadventurewhichisguaranteedtoamazeandamusebothadultsandchildren.Equippedwithamap,andatyourownpace,youwillbegreetedbyguidesateachlocationreadytosharethehistoryofthetourstop.Inthe5thyearoftheMagicalHistoryTour,wewillbepresentinganexcitingmixofbothnewsitesandfavoritesfromthepastfouryears.TheMagicalHistoryTourcheckinbeginsat9：45amatMaineHistoricalSociety'sBrownLibrary.Atthistime,youwillfindoutwherethetourwilltakeyouasyoureceiveyourmapandticketintoeachsite.FollowusonTwitterandInstagramforupdates,chancestowinticketsandsomeotherexcitingopportunities;andfeelfreetoshareyourtourexperiencestooursocialmediapagesusingMHStour!·Time：10：00am－4：00pm,Saturday,May9·Location：485CongressStreet·Tickets：Getyourticketsonline,bycallingusat(207)7741822,orbyvisitingourMuseumStoreat489CongressStreet$25/AdultMHSMember;$35/AdultGeneralAdmission；$5/Juniorunderage18.·Volunteering：WeneedvolunteersfortheMagicalHistoryTour!Volunteershelpforhalfthedayofthetourandaregivenafreetickettothetourtoenjoyeitherbeforeoraftertheirvolunteershift!Formoreinformation,emailusatevents@mainehistory.orgorcallusat,(207)7741822.1．What'sthepurposeoftheMagicalHistoryTour?A．Toexploreunfamiliarhistoricsites.B．Tovisitsomeworldfamousattractions.C．Toprovidechildrenwithhistoryclasses.D．Tomakesomeprivateplacesknowntothepublic.2．Howmuchshouldacouple(oneistheMHSMember)andakidpay?A．$55.B．$65.C．$75.D．$105.3．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．Youcanbuyaticketbyemail.B．Touristswillonlybeguidedbyamap.C．Onlynewsitesareavailableforthetour.D．Volunteerscantakepartinthetourforfree.【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了第五次年度探索大波特兰周围历史遗迹的旅游项目，包括时间、地点、票价和志愿者服务等信息。1．A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的第一、二句“Joinusforourfifthannualexploration...tothepublic.”可知，该旅行的目的在于探索不熟悉的历史遗迹，故A项正确。2．B　解析：数字计算题。根据Tickets部分中的“$25/AdultMHSMember；$35/AdultGeneralAdmission；$5/Juniorunderage18”可知，一对夫妻(其中一位是MHS会员)加一个孩子，所需票价是25＋35＋5＝65美元，故B项正确。3．D　解析：细节理解题。根据Volunteering部分中的“Volunteershelpforhalfthedayofthetourandaregivenafreetickettothetourtoenjoyeitherbeforeoraftertheirvolunteershift！”可知，志愿者可免费参加此次旅行，故D项正确。【难句分析】　Atthistime，youwillfindoutwherethetourwilltakeyouasyoureceiveyourmapandticketintoeachsite.,分析：本句是一个复合句。where引导宾语从句，as引导时间状语从句。译文：在这个时候，当你拿到地图和每个遗址的门票后，你就会知道旅游团会带你去哪里。B(2021·南京高三学情调研)Educationappearstoprotectolderadultsespeciallywomen，againstmemoryloss,accordingtoastudybyinvestigatorsatGeorgetownUniversityMedicalCenter.Thestudytesteddeclarativememoryin704olderadults(58－98yearsofage)．Declarativememoryreferstoourabilitytorememberevents,facts,andwords,suchaswhereyouputyourkeysorthenameofthatnewneighbor.Theinvestigatorsfoundthattheirmemoryperformancebecameprogressivelyworsewithaging.However,moreyearsofearlylifeeducationcounteredtheselosses,especiallyinwomen.Forexample,thedeclarativememoryabilitiesofan80yearoldwomanwithabachelor'sdegreewouldbeasgoodasthoseofa60yearoldwomanwithahighschooleducation.So,fourextrayearsofeducationmakesupforthememorylossesfrom20yearsofaging.“Simplysaid,learningbringsaboutlearning，”saysthestudy'sseniorinvestigator,MichaelUllman.“Sincelearningnewinformationindeclarativememoryiseasierifitisrelatedtoknowledgewealreadyhave,moreknowledgefrommoreeducationshouldresultinbettermemoryabilities,evenyearslater，”addsthestudy'sleadauthor,JanaReifegerste.“Evidencesuggeststhatgirlsoftenhavebetterdeclarativememorythanboys,soeducationmayleadtogreaterknowledgegainsingirls，”saysUllman.“Educationmaythusparticularlybenefitmemoryabilitiesinwomen,evenyearslaterinoldage.”ThestudytestedindividualsinanonWesternpopulation.Participantsvariedinthenumberofyearsofeducation,fromnoneatalltograduatestudies.Futureresearchisneededtotestwhetherthefindingscanbegeneralizedtootherpopulations，Ullmansays.“Thesefindingsmaybeimportant,especiallyconsideringtherapidlyaging,populationglobally，”Reifegerstesays.“Theresultsargueforfurthereffortstoincreaseaccesstoeducation.”“EducationhasalsobeenfoundtodelaythebeginningofAlzheimer'sdisease，”Ullmansays.“Webelievethatourfindingsmayshedlightonwhythisoccurs.”4.Theunderlinedword“countered”inparagraph2probablymeans“________”．A．canceledB．changedC．replacedD．reduced5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph4referto?A．Newinformation.B．Declarativememory.C．Formereducation.D．Bettermemoryabilities.6．Theresearchfindingsmayhelp________．A．slowdowntheprocessofagingB．promotethedevelopmentofeducationC．advancethestudyofAlzheimer'sdiseaseD．ensuretheequalrightsofwomen'seducation7．Thepassagemainlytalksaboutthat________．A．declarativememoryabilitiesfailwithagingB．womenshouldtrytoobtainabachelor'sdegreeC．learningregularlyhelpsimproveoldadults'memoryD．earlylifeeducationhelpspreventmemorylossinoldage【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一项研究发现——教育似乎能预防老年人，尤其是女性的记忆力丧失。4．D　解析：词义猜测题。画线词countered所在句的上句说的是“调查人员发现，他们的记忆表现会随着变老而逐渐恶化”。又结合画线词所在句中的However可知，此处表转折，由此可推断出画线词所在句的句意是“然而，更多的早年教育会抵消这些损失，尤其是在女性身上”，故D项正确。5．A　解析：代词指代题。结合画线词所在句上一句中的“learningbringsabout,learning”和语境可推知，画线词所在句表示“既然如果它(这些新信息)与我们已经拥有的知识相关，在陈述性记忆中学习新信息就会更容易，那么来自更多教育的更多知识应该会产生更好的记忆能力”，故A项正确。6．C　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知，教育也被发现会延迟阿尔茨海默氏病的发作，这项研究的发现可能会使人们对为什么会发生这种情况有更多的了解。故C项正确。7．D　解析：主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一项研究发现——教育似乎能预防老年人，尤其是女性的记忆力丧失，故D项正确。Ⅱ.七选五(2021·山东新高考第一次模拟)Travellingwithfriendscanbeanabsolutelyamazingexperiencewhereyoucouldmakelifelongmemoriesoritcouldendupruiningyourfriendship.1.________Herearesomerulesyoushouldfollowtomakesureyournexttripwithfriendsgoesassmoothlyaspossible.·2.________Sure,youandyourfriendsprobablyhavesomesimilarinterests,butthat'snotalwaysthecase.Inanefforttokeepeveryonehappy,goovertravelplansandexpectationsaheadoftime.Haveeachpersoncategorizeactivitiesorsightsinto“mustsee”“wanttosee”and“wouldgoifwehavetime”．Planaccordinglyandmakesureeveryonecanseesomeoftheirtopattractions.·Communicateandrespecteachother.Everyonehaspersonalpreferencewhentravelling—fromgettingthebedclosesttothebathroomtosittingintheairplane'swindowseat.Butsometimesthingsdon'tgoasyoulike.Inthiscase,shareyourrequirementsdirectlywithyourtravellingcompanions.3.________Haveaconversationwhenproblemsarise,forcommunicationisthekey.·Don'tdisappear.Whentravellingwithagroup—orevenjustoneotherperson—youmaywanttobealonesometime.That'scompletelyfine,butmakesureyourfriendsknowwhereyouareandhaveawayofcontactingyou.4.________·Getoffyourphone.Ofcourse,yourfriendswillunderstandifyouneedtotakeacallfromafamilymember,orintheeventofaworkemergency,butotherthanthat,trytostayoffyourphone.5.________Afterall,theappealofthistypeoftripistospend,timewithfriends.Justenjoyit!A．Giveeachothersomespace.B．Includeatleastoneactivityforeveryone.C．Andrememberthatconsiderationandrespectgoalongway.D．Atthesametime,listentotheirconcernsandberespectfulofthem.E．Don'trespondtononurgentworkcontactorsendmessagesfrequently.F．It'sespeciallytrueoftravellinginforeigncountriesorunfamiliarplaces.G．Soit'simportanttomakesureyouandyourfriendsareonthesamepage.【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了和朋友出行时保持良好关系的技巧——至少为每个人都包含一项活动、沟通与尊重对方、不要玩消失和放下手机。1．G　解析：考查上下文衔接。空前一句讲到和朋友出行可能会是一次极其令人惊喜的经历，也可能终结你们的友谊，空后一句表述这里有一些出行时和朋友保持良好关系的窍门，因此空处应表述出行时保持步调一致很重要，因此G项符合语境。2．B　解析：考查段落主旨句。结合本段中的“Planaccordinglyandmakesureeveryonecanseesomeoftheirtopattractions.”可知，本段主要讲的是旅行计划中要包含一些每个人自己的首选旅游胜地，所以B项适合作本段的主旨句。3．D　解析：考查上下文衔接。根据本段的主旨句可知，本段主要讲的是沟通与尊重对方。根据空前一句中的“shareyourrequirementsdirectlywithyourtravellingcompanions”和语境可知，D项与此处匹配。这里表示与旅伴直接诉说要求的同时也要聆听他们的忧虑之处，尊重他们。4．F　解析：考查上下文衔接。结合本段的主旨句可知，本段主要讲的是不要玩消失。结合空前一句中的“makesureyourfriendsknowwhereyouareandhaveawayofcontactingyou”和常识可知，F项符合语境。此处表述在外国和陌,生的地方尤其要确保朋友知道你在哪里并能联系上你。5．E　解析：考查上下文衔接。本段主要讲的是不要碰手机。结合空前一句中的“butotherthanthat，trytostayoffyourphone”和空后一句可知，E项符合语境。此处讲的是不要回复不紧急的信息，尽可能远离手机，毕竟这种旅行的吸引点就是和朋友们在一起。Ⅲ.语法填空The2022WinterOlympics,1.____________(common)knownasBeijing2022,isamulti－sportevent2.____________willtakeplaceinBeijingandtownsintheneighboringHebeiProvincefrom4to20February2022.3.____________hostingtheSummerOlympicsin2008,Chinaisfullypreparedforthe2022WinterOlympicGames,andreadytomakeit4.____________success.Havingpreviouslyhostedthe2008SummerOlympics,Beijingwillbecomethefirstcity5.____________(host)boththeSummerandWinterOlympics.Itwillalsobecomethe6.____________(large)cityevertohosttheWinterOlympics,thehonorenjoyedbyVancouver,whichhostedthe2010WinterOlympics.BeijingandZhangjiakouarefamoushistoricalandculturalcities,aswell7.____________all－seasontouristattractions.AndtravelfromBeijingtoZhangjiakou8.____________(say)totakeabout50minutes,becausethenewBeijing－ZhangjiakouRailwaywillbebuilt,startingfromBeijingNorthRailwayStation,andendingatZhangjiakouSouthRailwayStation.Itwillbebuilttospeedupto350km/h(about270mph).Beijing20229.____________(encourage)about300millionpeopleinnorthernChinatotakepartinwintersportsinthefuture,greatly10.____________(increase)youngpeople'sinterestinwintersports.【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了2022在北京和张家口举办的冬季奥运会。1．commonly　解析：考查副词。此处用副词修饰过去分词短语“knownasBeijing2022”，故填commonly。2．that/which　解析：考查定语从句。此空及之后是一个定语从句，,从句缺少主语，先行词是amulti－sportevent，故填关系代词that/which引导定语从句。3．After　解析：考查介词。句意：举办过2008年夏季奥运会之后，中国已经完全准备好迎接2022年冬季奥运会了。故此处用表示“……之后”的介词after，因位于句首首字母应大写。4．a　解析：考查冠词。使它成为一件成功的事。此处success是抽象名词具体化，是可数名词，泛指“一件成功的事”，因此其前填a。5．tohost　解析：考查不定式。thefirst＋名词＋todo是固定用法，故填tohost。6．largest　解析：考查形容词最高级。北京也即将成为曾经举办过冬季奥运会的最大的城市，故此处填最高级形式。7．as　解析：考查连词。此处aswellas为固定用法，故填as。8．issaid　解析：考查动词的时态和语态。句意：从北京到张家口的旅行据说要花费大约50分钟。根据固定句式sth.issaidtodo＝Itissaidthat...可知此处填issaid。9．willencourage　解析：考查动词的时态。根据句中的时间状语inthefuture以及Beijing2022可知，此动作发生在将来，因此用一般将来时willencourage。10．increasing　解析：考查现在分词。Beijing2022与increase之间在逻辑上是主动关系，故此处填现在分词increasing，此处是现在分词短语作状语。