A卷——小题夯基练Ⅰ.语境填词1．Fromthedesign(设计)andcolourofouruniforms，theBritishfriendswilllearnmoreaboutourschool.2．Whetherpollutionisdirectlylinkedtothediseaseisunderdebate(争论；辩论)．3．Withtheenvironmentbecomingbetterandbetter,manyrare(稀有的)animalsarereturningtothisarea.4．Somefirefightersputoutthefirebeforethecarexploded(爆炸)．5．Iwishtohaveachainofcafésinmanydifferentcities.Theyhavedifferentthemesorstyles(风格)．6．JiminsistedthatthebookMr.Blackreferredtowasworth(值得的)reading.7．Thepassengersbecameveryfrightenedafterrealizingtheshipwassinking(下沉)．8．Thelocal(当地的)villagerstoldusthattheriverhadbeenheavilypolluted.Ⅱ.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)1．Thereisalotofevidence(evident)toprovethatsmokinghasabadeffectonourlungs.2．Asyouknow,Chinahasalonghistorywithanumberofcultural(culture)heritages.3．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)Ifitisconvenientforyou,I'llmeetyouattheentrance(enter)ofthemusichallat7：00thatevening.4．(2019·北京卷)Dependingonwhichroleyouchoose,youcouldhelptoincreaseacommunity'saccesstosafedrinkingwater，orhelptoprotectvaluable(value)localcultures.5.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Weweresoamazed(amaze)thattheycouldstayunderwatermuchlongerthanuslocalislanders.6．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Thebeautifullongbranchescoveredwithpinkcoloredbuds(蓓蕾)makefantasticdecorations(decorate)．,7．Pandasaretherarest(rare)animalsamongwolves,deerandmonkeys.8．Thesevenyearoldgirlsurvived(survive),butthewoundsinherheadwereverysevere.9．Theschoolhadthreestudentsremoved(remove)fromschool,astheyhadbrokentheschoolrules.Ⅲ.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)1．SinceyouareinterestedintraditionalChinesepaintings,IthinktheChinesepapercuttingexhibitioniswellworthexperiencing(experience)．2．Thereisconvincingevidencethatskincancerislinkedtoexposuretothesun.3．Ofthetwomen,theformerislivingapeacefullifeinthecountryside,whilethelatterisbusyworkinginthecity.4．(2020·新高考山东卷满分作文)Therefore,weallthinkhighly(high)ofit,andexpectmoreactivitieslikethisinthefuture.5．IfIhadmadegooduseofmysparetime,Icould_have_made(make)greatprogressinmystudy.6．Thetrainleavesatsixo'clock.Idoubtwhether/iftherewillbeenoughtimetoenjoytheviews.7．Ihavemadeupmymindtostudyhardinreturnfortheeffortsofmyformerteacher.8．Henrytoldmethattherewasatimewhenhestayedupeverynightgoingoverhislessons.9．Thereisnodoubtthattheseculturalrelicsbelonging(belong)tothestateshouldbereturned.Ⅳ.易错误用(改正下列语句中的错误，每句最多两处错误)1．Johnwilldeliveraspeechtothepublicforthefirsttime.However,heistoonervoustoknowwhattoexpresshimself.Thereisnodoubthelacksconfidence.Hedoesn'thaveanappetiteformealsandnordohesleepwell.Asamatteroffact,itisnoneedtofeelstressedifhehashadeverythingready.答案：第二句：what→how；第三句：在doubt后加that；,第四句：do→does；第五句：it→there2．Theyhavemadeamazedachievementsinthepastfewyears,shockingmanypeople.答案：amazed→amazing3．Knowingthathiswifesurvivedfromthecrash，hewasgreatlyrelieved!答案：删除from4．Thesinger，whosefuturewasconsideredhopeful，israreseeninpublicnowadays.答案：rare→rarelyⅤ.完成句子/句型转换/一句多译1．(2018·浙江卷6月满分作文)毫无疑问，我与外国人交流几乎没有什么困难。There_is_no_doubt_thatIhavelittledifficultycommunicatingwithforeigners.2．是我们用在礼物上的时间和精力而不是我们花了多少钱使得礼物有价值。Itisthetimeandenergywespendonthepresentthatmakesitvaluablerather_than_the_price_we_pay．3．(2018·浙江卷6月满分作文)我被选中代表我们学校参加英语辩论比赛，因为我精通英语口语。I'mselectedtorepresentourschoolto_take_part_in_the_English_debate_competitionbecauseIhaveagoodcommandofspokenEnglish.4．(北京卷)Theresidentsgivepraisetowhatwehavedone.→Theresidentsthink_highly_ofwhatwehavedone.5．众所周知，中国属于发展中国家。①ItisknowntousthatChinaisacountrywhich_belongs_tothedevelopingcountries.(定语从句)②Asisknowntous,Chinaisacountrybelonging_tothedevelopingcountries.(分词短语作定语)B卷——大题提能练Ⅰ.阅读理解,A(2021·长沙高三统一模拟)I'minterestedintheRenaissance(文艺复兴),soIlikevisitingancientItaliancities.FerraraiscalledCityoftheRenaissance.WhenIlearnedaboutthiscityontheInternet,Idecidedtopayavisittoit.Thecityhasacertaincharm,butIfinditisn'tasgreatasotherItaliancitieslikeVerona,letaloneVeniceorRome.TheMichelinGreenGuidegivesittwostars,whichisright.Ifirstvisitedthecitycentre.TheCathedralandCastelloEstenseareattheheartofthecity.Bothhavestrikingappearances.IvisitedtheCathedralfirst.CastelloEstenseisalsoworthvisiting,whichowesitsnametothepowerfulEstefamily.Itwasbuiltwithbricksandsurroundedbyamoat(护城河)．Atthelowerlevels,thehistoryofthecityandtheEstefamilyaretoldthroughdisplays,andinanotherparttheceilingsareshownthroughmirrorsontheground.Inthenorth,wecanappreciatetheRenaissanceextensionofthetown,withstraightstreetsandmonumentalhouses.ThefamousPalazzodeiDiamantilieshere.WhenIwasvisitingit,itstartedtorain,soaftertakingafewphotosquickly,Icutmyvisitthereshort.Ithadbeenrainingforafewdays.Whentherainceased,IwenttovisitthehistoricalcentreandtheRenaissancebuildings.Afterleavingthere,Ivisitedseveralotherinterestingplacessuchaspalacesandthenarrowstreetsofthedowntown.AfterfourhoursinFerraraIleftbytraintoMantua.ThereIhadamuchbettertime.1．WhydidtheauthorpayavisittoFerrara?A．BecauseitisrelatedtotheRenaissance.B．Becauseitisfullofcharm.C．BecauseitisaveryfamouscityinEurope.D．Becauseitisstronglyrecommendedbyawebsite.2．WhatdidtheauthorthinkofTheMichelinGreenGuide'scommentonFerrara?A．Ridiculous.B．Reasonable.C．Unacceptable.D．Unbelievable.,3．HowcouldCastelloEstenseprobablygetitsnameaccordingtothetext?A．Itcamefromthehistoricalbuildings.B．Itoriginatedfromthestraightstreets.C．ItwasnamedafterthepowerfulEstefamily.D．Itwasconnectedtothesurroundingmoat.4．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.ThewriterthoughtFerrarawasasgreatasVenice.B．ThewritervisitedPalazzodeiDiamantiforalongtime.C．ThewriterwasmuchmoresatisfiedwiththetourinMantuathaninFerrara.D．ThewriterwasdisappointedwiththevisittotheCathedralandCastelloEstense.【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者对文艺复兴感兴趣，所以作者喜欢参观意大利的古老城市。费拉拉被称为文艺复兴之城，作者在网上了解了这座城市之后决定去参观。本文介绍了这座城市的一些地方并讲述了作者的参观过程。1．A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段前两句可知，作者对文艺复兴感兴趣，费拉拉被称为文艺复兴之城，即它与文艺复兴有关，所以作者去参观了费拉拉，故A项正确。2．B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“butIfinditisn'tasgreatasotherItaliancitieslikeVerona，letaloneVeniceorRome.TheMichelinGreenGuidegivesittwostars，whichisright.”可知，作者认为费拉拉不如像维罗那等的意大利城市好，更不用说威尼斯和罗马了，《米其林绿色指南》给这个城市评两颗星是合理的。故B项正确。3．C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段可知，埃斯坦塞城堡的名字起源于强大的埃斯特家族，即以这个家族的名字而命名，故C项正确。4．C　解析：推理判断题。根据尾段最后两句可知，作者在曼图亚度过了更加愉快的时光，并结合第二段可推知，与费拉拉相比，作者对于曼图亚之旅更满意，故C项正确。,B(2021·武汉部分学校高三起点质量检测)Whenyoureallyloveabook,orhavejustscoredanewonethatyou'redyingtoread,itcanbeexcitingtopickupasmooth，shinyhardcovercopythatcreaksalittlebitwhenyouopenit.Butthosehardcoverbookscanbeheavy,andnewonesaren'tcheap,either.Sometimes,you'djustratherhaveaportablepaperback—butifit'sanewbookyou'reafter,youmighthavetowaitafullyearorsotogetitinpaperbackform.Whyarebooksreleasedashardcoversfirst?Notsolongago,hardcoverbooksweretheonlytypeofbooks.Beforetheappearanceofmassproduction,printrunswerelimited,andbookswerehardboundandexpensive.Aroundthe1930s,thatchangedwiththeproductionofmassproducedpaperbackbooks,whichagreedwithahugesurgeinreadingasaleisureactivityaroundWorldWarⅡ.Paperbackbooksweremoreaffordableandcheapertoproduce,whichstillholdstruetoday.Despitetheseemingadvantagesofpaperbacks,thereareseveralreasonswhythehardcoverhaspersisted(持续存在)．Becauseofitshistory,itconveysabitmorelegitimacy(正统性)inthebookworldthanthepaperbackdoes.“Thehardbackisamarkofquality...itshowsbooksellersandreviewersthatthisisabookworthpayingattentionto，”PhilipJones,editoratTheBookseller,explainstoTheGuardian.Butthemajorreasonwhybookscomeoutashardcoversisthatpeoplebuythem,despitetheirhighercost.TheEconomistcomparesittomoviesbeingreleasedintheatersseveralmonthsbeforetheyarriveonDVD.“Justasfilmfansliketoseefilmsonthebigscreen,collectorsenjoythehardcover'ssuperiorquality，”accordingtoTheEconomist.Andbecausethey'reprofitable，publisherscangainmorefromhardcovers,which“willoftensellattwicethepriceoftheirpaperbackequivalent(对应物)butdonotcosttwiceasmuchtoproduce，”Jonesexplains.5．Whatcanwelearnabouthardcoverbooksfromparagraph1?A．Theyappealtorealbooklovers.,B．Theyareheavybutnotexpensive.C．Theytakealongtimetocomeout.D．Theyarenotpreferredbybooklovers.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“surge”inparagraph2mean?A．Drop.B．Success.C．Blow.D．Increase.7．Whyarehardcoverbooksstillprintedtoday?A．Theyarebrilliantlyedited.B．Theyareworthcollecting.C．Theyconveycorrectinformation.D．Theysellbetterthanpaperbacks.8．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Tointroducehardcoverbooks.B．Topresentanewsocialfinding.C．Toexplainaconfusingproblem.D．Toencouragepeopletoreadbooks.【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。精装书虽然价格昂贵，但是它体现了产品的高质量，加上利润较高，所以始终有一定的市场。5．A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Whenyoureallyloveabook，orhavejustscoredanewonethatyou'redyingtoread，itcanbeexcitingtopickupasmooth，shinyhardcovercopythatcreaksalittlebitwhenyouopenit.”可知，如果你的确很喜欢一本书，或者刚刚得到一本你非常想读的新书，拿起那光滑、闪亮的精装本是一件令人兴奋的事；据此可知，精装书吸引真正的读书爱好者，故A项正确。6．D　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文可知，不久之前精装书是书的唯一形式，它价格昂贵，而随着批量生产出现，这种情况改变了，平装书被生产出来，这一变化与二战时期以阅读为消遣娱乐的人数激增的情况相一致。由此可知，,画线词意为“(数量的)急剧上升、激增”，与increase意思相近。7．B　解析：细节理解题。根据尾段第三句中的“Justasfilmfansliketoseefilmsonthebigscreen，collectorsenjoythehardcover'ssuperiorquality”可知，就像影迷喜欢在大银幕上看电影一样，收藏者也喜欢精装书的高品质。据此可知，精装书至今仍在生产的原因是它们值得收藏，受收藏者欢迎，故B项正确。8．C　解析：写作目的题。通读全文可知，本文主要论述了精装书仍然受欢迎的原因，据此可知，本文旨在解释一个令人困惑的问题，故C项正确。Ⅱ.完形填空(2021·绵阳高中诊断性考试)ThefirsttimeIsawher，shelookedmessyandtired.She__1__thatshewasinbadluckandcomplainedabouther__2__lifeallthetime.Listeningtoher，Ifeltlikedoingsomethingtohelp.Afterafewseconds，anidea__3__tome.Knowingshebelievedinfate，Igrabbedherhandandproposedto__4__herpalm.Beyondmyexpectation，shetrembledanddrewbackherhand__5__，“No，absolutelynot！”“What'swrong？”Iaskedin__6__．“20yearsago，apalmistsaidIhadabadfate，andIjustbegantobeoutof__7__fromthenon.Iwasinlovewithaverygoodboy，butIcouldn'tbelieveIwouldbesolucky，soI__8__escapedfromhimandmarriedmypresenthusband.Andthatwaswhenmymisfortunebegan.Myhusbandis__9__．Heoften__10__meandevenbeatsmesometimes！”Iinterruptedher，tookherhand，__11__itand__12__toshoutinsurprise，“Mygoodness，whataterriblepalmistdidyoumeet!Youhavea__13__fate!Aftertheageof40，youwillbeinluck！”“Really？”sheasked，withsurpriseand__14__inhereyes.“I'm40yearsoldnow.Areyousureeverythingwillbebetternextyear？”“Sure.Ihavebeen__15__palmistry(手相术)formorethan10years.Youcantrustme，”Ianswered__16__．Halfayearlater，whenIsawheragain，shelookedsodifferentthatIdidn't,recognizeher__17__．Wearingasmileandneatlydressed，she__18__likeanewpenny.Thepowerof__19__isamazing，andsometimesyoujustneedtobelieve.Soifyou'reatthebottominyourlife，justkeeptellingyourselfthateverythingwill__20__fineandwaitforthemiracle.1．A.screamedB．announcedC．insistedD．whispered2．A.colorfulB．adventurousC．extraordinaryD．unfortunate3．A.happenedB．occurredC．appealedD．referred4．A.readB．lookC．touchD．examine5．A.shylyB．slowlyC．angrilyD．immediately6．A.disappointmentB．amusementC．amazementD．excitement7．A.jobB．luckC．dateD．control8．A.roughlyB．graduallyC．finallyD．hopefully9．A.absentmindedB．hottemperedC．strongwilledD．kindhearted10．A.laughsatB．staresatC．pointsatD．shoutsat11．A.spreadB．bentC．hungD．caught12．A.pretendedB．managedC．determinedD．continued13．A.badB．good,C．wrongD．right14．A.sorrowB．regretC．depressionD．doubt15．A.offeringB．testingC．studyingD．playing16．A.happilyB．curiouslyC．positivelyD．naturally17．A.atfirstB．inallC．onendD．fornow18．A.talkedB．shoneC．behavedD．flew19．A.fateB．loveC．beliefD．knowledge20．A.breakoutB．workoutC．findoutD．clearout【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。一位女士听信了20年前一个手相家告诉她的话——她的命运不好，从那时起，她的运气一直很糟糕。作者想做点什么帮助这位女士，于是向她说了一个善意的谎言——她40岁以后会有好运气。没想到这样的话对这位女士产生了积极的影响。由此作者悟出了一个重要的人生哲理：信念的力量很强大，它对人生有很大的影响。1．C　解析：根据下文中的“shebelievedinfate”可知，这位女士对于命运深信不疑，因此她坚决认为(insisted)自己的运气不好。2．D　解析：根据上文中的“shewasinbadluck”可知，这位女士一直抱怨自己不幸的生活。3．B　解析：根据下文可知，作者想到一个帮助这位女士的主意。sth.happenstosb.意为“某事发生在某人身上”，occurtosb.意为“(主意或想法)被想到”，appealtosb.意为“对某人有吸引力”，refertosb.意为“提到某人”。,4．A　解析：根据语境可知，这位女士相信命运，所以作者打算给这位女士看手相。readsb.'spalm意为“看手相”。5．D　解析：根据语境可知，作者本以为这位女士会让自己给她看手相，但出乎意料的是，这位女士颤抖着立即把手缩了回去。6．C　解析：根据上文中的“Beyondmyexpectation”可知，作者对于这位女士的做法感到惊奇(amazement)。7．B　解析：根据下文中的“Andthatwaswhenmymisfortunebegan.”可知，这位女士说自从20年前一个看手相的人给她说她的命运不好之后，她就开始不走运。beoutofluck意为“不走运”。8．C　解析：根据本句中的“marriedmypresenthusband”可知，这位女士最终离开了那个优秀的男孩。9．B　解析：根据下文中的“evenbeatsmesometimes”可知，这位女士的丈夫是一个脾气暴躁的人。absentminded意为“心不在焉的”，hottempered意为“脾气暴躁的”，strongwilled意为“意志坚强的”，kindhearted意为“仁慈的”。10．D　解析：本句and后的“evenbeatsmesometimes”表示递进，因此本句and前讲的也是这位女士的丈夫脾气暴躁的表现，即常常骂她。shout意为“怒骂”，符合语境。11．A　解析：结合语境可知，作者是在给这位女士看手相，因此需要把她的手掌展开(spread)。12．A　解析：结合语境可知，作者并不懂手相术，这样做只是为了帮助这位女士，因此应是假装惊讶地喊道。13．B　解析：根据下文中的“Aftertheageof40，youwillbeinluck！”可知，,作者告诉这位女士她的命运很好。14．D　解析：根据上文中的“Really？”可知，这位女士对作者说的话表示怀疑。15．C　解析：根据下文中的“Youcantrustme”可知，作者为了让这位女士相信自己，骗这位女士说自己已经研究手相术十多年了。16．C　解析：结合语境可知，作者为了让这位女士相信自己，给予了她肯定的回答。positively意为“肯定地”符合语境。17．A　解析：根据本句中的“shelookedsodifferent”可知，半年之后，这位女士变化如此之大，作者起初(atfirst)竟没有认出她。inall意为“总共、总计”，onend意为“不断地、连续地”，fornow意为“暂时、目前”。18．B　解析：根据本句中的“Wearingasmileandneatlydressed”和“likeanewpenny”可知，这位女士精神焕发，shine意为“发光、放光”，符合语境。19．C　解析：根据本句中的“youjustneedtobelieve”并结合语境可知，此处作者讲的是信念的力量。20．B　解析：结合本句中“waitforthemiracle”可知，当生活不如意的时候，要不断地告知自己一切都会好起来的。breakout意为“爆发、突然开始”，workout意为“成功地发展”，findout意为“查明、弄清(情况)”，clearout意为“清理”。Ⅲ.短文改错(2021·兰州高三诊断考试)Atabout9o'clocklastnight,Iwasbusyprepareformytestwhenaloudnoisecamethroughnextdoor.MyneighborwatchedthefootballgameonTVandkeptthesoundsomuchhighthatIcouldn'tgoonstudying.Icoveredmyearwithhands,buriedmyheadinbooks,andeventriedtoreciteEnglishtextsanditwasnouse.Ibecameimpatientanddecidedtoexplainmydifficultevenifhemightturnedadeafear.Tohisgreatsurprise,afterhearingwhatIsaid,myneighborapologizedandturneddowntheTVimmediate.Everythingwasbacknormalandin30seconds，the,problemissolved.答案：Atabout9o'clocklastnight,Iwasbusyformytestwhenaloudnoisecamethroughnextdoor.MyneighborwatchedthefootballgameonTVandkeptthesoundsohighthatIcouldn'tgoonstudying.Icoveredmywithhands,buriedmyheadinbooks,andeventriedtoreciteEnglishtextsitwasnouse.Ibecameimpatientanddecidedtoexplainmyevenifhemightadeafear.Togreatsurprise,afterhearingwhatIsaid,myneighborapologizedandturneddowntheTV.Everythingwasbacknormalandin30seconds，theproblemsolved.①prepare改为preparing。固定搭配误用。bebusydoingsth.为固定搭配，意为“忙于做某事”，故用preparing。②删除much。副词多余。so＋adj./adv.＋that为固定句型，表示“如此……以至于……”，故删除much。句意：我的邻居在电视上看足球比赛，把声音开得那么高，以至于我无法继续学习。③ear改为ears。名词单复数误用。ear为可数名词，根据常识可知，人有两只耳朵，该处指捂着两只耳朵，故用复数形式。④and改为but。连词误用。该句前半句说，“我”用双手捂起耳朵，将头埋在书里，甚至努力背英语课文；后半句说这没有用；据此可知，该处前后为转折关系，故用转折连词but。⑤difficult改为difficulty。名词误用。形容词性物主代词后接名词，根据my,可知后接名词difficulty。⑥turned改为turn。动词的时态误用。情态动词后接动词原形，根据情态动词might可知该处用动词原形turn。⑦his改为my。人称代词误用。根据该句中的myneighbor可知，“我”的邻居在听了“我”说的话后向“我”道歉并立即调小音量，这令“我”惊讶，故将his改为my。⑧immediate改为immediately。副词误用。副词修饰动词，该词修饰动词短语turneddown，此处表示立即将音量调低，故用副词形式。⑨normal前加to。介词缺失。bebackto为固定搭配，意为“回到……、恢复到……”，此处指“一切恢复到正常”。⑩is改为was。动词的时态误用。根据本文首句中的lastnight可知，本文陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。